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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are among the most frequently prescribed medication for ADHD and can boost and balance levels of brain chemicals. They are not able to cure the disorder and only treat symptoms if used regularly. The adverse effects of ADHD medication can include changes in blood pressure as well as heart rate, anxiety, and tics. Certain teens and children who take stimulant medications notice a slight slowing in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a stimulant for the central nervous system and the most commonly prescribed drug to treat ADHD. It is available in many forms, including a liquid, chewable tablet and a long-acting disintegrating orally disintegrating tablet, and an extended-release pill. The drug is effective by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps to enhance focus. It can also lessen the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methylphenidate is an effective treatment for ADHD in conjunction with other treatments, including behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate works by blocking the transporters that remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug may cause an increase in blood pressure or heart rate. It may also trigger an abrupt change in blood sugar levels, so diabetics should be careful when taking this medication. If you experience any of these side effects, talk to your physician. Methylphenidate is also known to cause Raynaud's phenomenon that causes numbness in the fingers and feet. It is a rare but serious side result. It is important to inform your doctor in the event that these symptoms develop. There is some concern that methylphenidate slows children's growth, but this has not been proved to be the situation. If your child is taking methylphenidate ensure that you be aware of their weight and height. If your child is taking chewable tablets containing methylphenidate, it contains phenylalanine, which is potentially dangerous for children suffering from the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). If you suffer from PKU, ask your doctor about different formulations of methylphenidate. Stimulants are considered the first-choice treatment for ADHD however, some individuals have issues with these medications. In these instances, doctors may prescribe other medications that work in a similar manner. Apart from methylphenidate there are other stimulants such as dexamfetamine and lisdexamfetamine. These substances can last longer and are stronger than methylphenidate. These drugs are typically taken twice or three times daily However, some people might be able take them more frequently. Psychological treatments are also available to treat ADHD, but they are less likely to be effective than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also known as the brand name Strattera, is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that boosts concentration and reduces hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It is part of a class called selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors. It is a drug that increases levels of norepinephrine and dopamine two chemical messengers that regulate brain activity. It is a favorite among people of all ages who need a different medication than stimulants such as Adderall or Vyvanse. It is crucial to understand that atomoxetine does not work immediately. It could take up to six weeks before the effects of this drug are evident. You may also experience adverse effects like nausea and drowsiness. For medication for adult add Iam Psychiatry of taking atomoxetine are greater than any risk. In a double-blind placebo-controlled study conducted on 297 ADHD patients aged 12 to 18 years old, the effectiveness of atomoxetine is confirmed. Participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine in a daily dose of 0.6 mg/kg or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo over a period of 9 weeks. In both atomoxetine as well as placebo groups, symptoms of depression were less. The atomoxetine group experienced more improvements in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. The improvement was modest. In a separate open study, 10 patients suffering from ADHD who failed to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine for 8 weeks. The group receiving atomoxetine had improved ADHD symptoms compared to placebo group with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version as well as the Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale improving significantly. However, one patient developed an rash and resigned from the study. Three patients also reported transient digestive symptoms, and one complained of increased fatigue. Before you begin treatment with atomoxetine with your physician about your health history and any other supplements or medications that you're taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as over-the-counter medications. It is crucial to tell your doctor if there is narrow-angle glaucoma, a thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor, high blood pressure, heart disease or an unusually sudden death. You should stay clear of Atomoxetine in addition to when you've been taking an MAO-inhibitor like isocarboxazid or linezolid in the last 14 days or rasagiline Methylene Blue Injection phenelzine or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion, a nonstimulant can help improve ADHD symptoms. It can also decrease impulsivity, and increase focus. However it doesn't affect the brain the way stimulants do. It's only available with a prescription. Your doctor will decide the best dose for you. Bupropion is available in tablets and capsules. It's important to take the medication exactly as prescribed. If you stop taking it suddenly, you may have withdrawal symptoms. It's usually taken twice or three times daily with a gap of 4-6 hours between each dose. The dose can vary from 100mg two or three times per day up to 150mg four or three times daily. The drug is absorbed into the digestive tract and eliminated into urine, which means it cannot be absorbed into breast milk. It can, however, get into the bloodstream and cause damage to other organs. Bupropion raises blood pressure. It's important to monitor it regularly. In addition to improving the symptoms of ADHD, bupropion can also reduce depression. It can also treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking the dopamine receptors that are located in your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter dopamine from reaching your brain, which helps to regulate your mood. Bupropion may interact with other drugs. Inform your doctor if taking any other medication. It's important to let your doctor know if have any allergies. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants because they can cause side effects to become worse. Numerous studies have examined the effects of bupropion versus placebos in adults suffering from ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed, and most studies were not well-designed. Many of these studies did not include people with psychiatric disorders co-morbidity. The data indicate that bupropion can have a small effect on ADHD. However it is necessary to conduct more research to identify positive outcomes for patients such as improvements in quality of life. Before effective treatments can be developed, it is necessary to understand the underlying causes of the molecular forms of ADHD. This requires a deeper understanding of the connection between the different molecular pathways. It is also crucial to know how anti-ADHD drugs function in conjunction with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants are often prescribed by doctors if stimulants prescribed for children with ADHD don't work or cause side effects. These drugs, which include imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), help by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which help people focus. These older drugs can have severe negative side negative effects. They are usually only used when other medications do not work. The first choice of depression treatment is typically a serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) like fluoxetine, sertraline or citalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants, which have been around for decades, may still be used in certain situations. They are also effective in treating neuropathic pain. They have a second pain-relieving action which is distinct from their antidepressant effect. They enhance noradrenephrine through inhibiting its reuptake and also act as descending modulators of pain pathways within the spinal cord. SSRIs are less harmful and have less adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants. Additionally, they're safe in pregnancy and don't appear to be teratogenic in humans or animals. If suddenly stopped, they can cause severe withdrawal symptoms. To reduce the risk of these side effects, your doctor might suggest reducing the dosage gradually over several weeks. Although it isn't officially recognized by the FDA as a medication for adhd bupropion is commonly prescribed antidepressant off-label to treat ADHD. It is believed to increase neurotransmitters like norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which increases concentration. It also has been proven to reduce anxiety, and it can be utilized in conjunction with stimulants to achieve more rapid and lasting results. While there are no other FDA-approved medications that are nonstimulant for ADHD however, many people find relief with the use of supplements to their diets and herbs. A diet low in fat and sugar may also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. Similarly, eliminating caffeine can also be helpful for some. Inform your doctor about all medications that you or your child are taking as well as herbal remedies and prescription medications. This will avoid interactions and reduce the risk of unwanted adverse effects. ADHD medications can affect every person differently, which is why it's often a process of trial and error to find the appropriate dosage and medication for your child or you.